# 8. Amazon Machine Image
Let's use Packer to create an Amazon Machine Image that will contain an application's code, Node.js, and required dependencies installed.
{% code title="app/index.js" %}
```javascript
const express = require("express");
const { SecretsManager } = require("@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager");
const { Pool } = require("pg");
const port = process.env.PORT;
const region = process.env.AWS_REGION || "eu-central-1";
const secretId = process.env.SECRET_ID;
const dbEndpoint = process.env.DB_ENDPOINT;
const app = express();
const secretsManager = new SecretsManager({
region,
});
(async () => {
try {
const secret = await secretsManager.getSecretValue({ SecretId: secretId });
const { name, username, password } = JSON.parse(secret.SecretString);
const connectionString = `postgresql://${username}:${password}@${dbEndpoint}/${name}`;
const pool = new Pool({
connectionString,
});
app.get("/", async (req, res) => {
try {
const client = await pool.connect();
const { rows } = await client.query("SELECT NOW()");
client.release();
res.send(`${rows[0].now}
`);
} catch (error) {
client.release();
}
});
app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`Listening on port ${port}`);
});
} catch (error) {
process.exit(1);
}
})();
```
{% endcode %}
{% code title="app/.nvmrc" %}
```javascript
16.3.0
```
{% endcode %}
{% code title="app/package.json" %}
```javascript
{
"name": "app",
"version": "1.0.0",
"description": "",
"main": "index.js",
"scripts": {
"test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
},
"keywords": [],
"author": "",
"license": "ISC",
"dependencies": {
"@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager": "^3.24.0",
"express": "^4.17.1",
"pg": "^8.7.1"
}
}
```
{% endcode %}
{% code title="packer/ami.pkr.hcl" %}
```javascript
packer {
required_plugins {
amazon = {
version = ">= 0.0.2"
source = "github.com/hashicorp/amazon"
}
}
}
variable "ami_prefix" {
type = string
default = "node-app"
}
locals {
timestamp = regex_replace(timestamp(), "[- TZ:]", "")
}
source "amazon-ebs" "ubuntu" {
ami_name = "${var.ami_prefix}-${local.timestamp}"
instance_type = "t2.micro"
region = "eu-central-1"
source_ami_filter {
filters = {
name = "ubuntu/images/*ubuntu-focal-20.04-amd64-server-*"
root-device-type = "ebs"
virtualization-type = "hvm"
}
most_recent = true
owners = ["099720109477"]
}
ssh_username = "ubuntu"
}
build {
sources = [
"source.amazon-ebs.ubuntu"
]
provisioner "file" {
source = "../app"
destination = "~/app"
}
provisioner "shell" {
script = "script.sh"
}
}
```
{% endcode %}
{% code title="packer/script.sh" %}
```javascript
#!/bin/bash
curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.38.0/install.sh | bash
export NVM_DIR="$([ -z "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME-}" ] && printf %s "${HOME}/.nvm" || printf %s "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/nvm")"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
command -v nvm
cd ~/app
nvm install
nvm use
nvm install-latest-npm
npm install
```
{% endcode %}
```javascript
$ packer init ami.pkr.hcl
```
```javascript
$ packer fmt ami.pkr.hcl
```
```javascript
$ packer validate ami.pkr.hcl
```
```javascript
$ packer build ami.pkr.hcl
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: output will be in this color.
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Prevalidating any provided VPC information
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Prevalidating AMI Name: node-app-20210927190235
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Found Image ID: ami-091f21ecba031b39a
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Creating temporary keypair: packer_6152154c-f5ac-2af8-0381-c8dc39e2416f
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Creating temporary security group for this instance: packer_6152154e-e22e-936d-fd26-b8d003f57cc3
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Authorizing access to port 22 from [0.0.0.0/0] in the temporary security groups...
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Launching a source AWS instance...
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Adding tags to source instance
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Adding tag: "Name": "Packer Builder"
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Instance ID: i-00b36d26d99b514df
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Waiting for instance (i-00b36d26d99b514df) to become ready...
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Using SSH communicator to connect: 18.159.195.4
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Waiting for SSH to become available...
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Connected to SSH!
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Uploading ../app => ~/app
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Provisioning with shell script: script.sh
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: 100 14926 100 14926 0 0 485k 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 502k
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: => Downloading nvm from git to '/home/ubuntu/.nvm'
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Cloning into '/home/ubuntu/.nvm'...
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: => * (HEAD detached at FETCH_HEAD)
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: master
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: => Compressing and cleaning up git repository
amazon-ebs.ubuntu:
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: => Appending nvm source string to /home/ubuntu/.bashrc
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: => Appending bash_completion source string to /home/ubuntu/.bashrc
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: => Close and reopen your terminal to start using nvm or run the following to use it now:
amazon-ebs.ubuntu:
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: [ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: [ -s "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" # This loads nvm bash_completion
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: nvm
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Found '/home/ubuntu/app/.nvmrc' with version <16.3.0>
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Downloading and installing node v16.3.0...
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v16.3.0/node-v16.3.0-linux-x64.tar.xz...
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: ######################################################################## 100.0%
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Computing checksum with sha256sum
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Checksums matched!
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Now using node v16.3.0 (npm v7.15.1)
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Creating default alias: default -> 16.3.0 (-> v16.3.0 *)
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Found '/home/ubuntu/app/.nvmrc' with version <16.3.0>
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Now using node v16.3.0 (npm v7.15.1)
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Attempting to upgrade to the latest working version of npm...
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: * Installing latest `npm`; if this does not work on your node version, please report a bug!
amazon-ebs.ubuntu:
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: npm notice
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: removed 10 packages, changed 55 packages, and audited 258 packages in 3s
amazon-ebs.ubuntu:
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: 11 packages are looking for funding
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: run `npm fund` for details
amazon-ebs.ubuntu:
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: found 0 vulnerabilities
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: npm notice New minor version of npm available! 7.15.1 -> 7.24.1
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: npm notice Changelog:
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: npm notice Run `npm install -g npm@7.24.1` to update!
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: npm notice
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: * npm upgraded to: v7.24.1
amazon-ebs.ubuntu:
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: added 132 packages, and audited 133 packages in 6s
amazon-ebs.ubuntu:
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: 3 packages are looking for funding
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: run `npm fund` for details
amazon-ebs.ubuntu:
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: found 0 vulnerabilities
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Stopping the source instance...
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Stopping instance
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Waiting for the instance to stop...
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Creating AMI node-app-20210927190235 from instance i-00b36d26d99b514df
amazon-ebs.ubuntu: AMI: ami-0cca38f651b773594
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Waiting for AMI to become ready...
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Terminating the source AWS instance...
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Cleaning up any extra volumes...
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: No volumes to clean up, skipping
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Deleting temporary security group...
==> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: Deleting temporary keypair...
Build 'amazon-ebs.ubuntu' finished after 5 minutes 4 seconds.
==> Wait completed after 5 minutes 4 seconds
==> Builds finished. The artifacts of successful builds are:
--> amazon-ebs.ubuntu: AMIs were created:
eu-central-1: ami-0cca38f651b773594
```
---
# Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation
If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question.
Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter:
```
GET https://annalach.gitbook.io/aws-terraform-workshops/ami.md?ask=
```
The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.
Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.